The parathyroid comprises four glands located behind the thyroid. Their main function is to regulate the exchange of calcium between the blood and the bones by secreting the parathyroid hormone (PTH). These glands can become overactive (hyperparathyroidism) or underactive (hypoparathyroidism) depending on their condition.

Dr. Anbar Ahmad has experience diagnosing and treating disorders of the parathyroid glands. The skilled professionals of North Georgia Endocrinology will confidently set you on a path towards recovery.

Hyperparathyroidism

When the parathyroid secretes too much PTH, blood calcium levels rise, resulting in hypercalcemia. The first indication of hyperparathyroidism is often the discovery of elevated levels of calcium in the bloodstream. Having an excess of calcium in the bloodstream can lead to a number of different symptoms.

People with hyperparathyroidism may experience severe symptoms, mild symptoms or none at all. When symptoms do present themselves, they are usually subtle and unspecific, such as fatigue, depression or aches. More severe symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, increased thirst, kidney stones and impaired memory. Loss of calcium from the bones may also cause osteoporosis and increase the likelihood of bone fractures.

Hypoparathyroidism

If the level of PTH in the blood decreases, hypocalcemia, or low calcium levels in the blood, can occur. Hyperphosphatemia, or increased levels of phosphorous in the bloodstream, is also likely when PTH levels decrease. This condition is quite rare and often associated with hypoparathyroidism.

There are two types of hypoparathyroidism, namely deficient PTH secretion and inability of bones and kidneys to respond to PTH. Mild symptoms include tingling in the hands, fingers and around the mouth. In some cases, tetany, or severe muscle cramping of the entire body, and convulsions can occur.

Treatment Options for Hyperparathyroidism and Hypoparathyroidism

Not all patients with hyperparathyroidism require surgery, which is the definitive therapy for treating the disorder. The overactive parathyroid gland, or glands, are identified with various imaging techniques. Once located, they are surgically removed.

In most cases, vitamin D and calcium supplements are used to treat hypoparathyroidism. North Georgia Endocrinology will create a treatment plan customized to your particular diagnosis.

Parathyroid and calcium disorders are treatable conditions. The experienced professionals at North Georgia Endocrinology are skilled in diagnosing and treating them. Dr. Anbar Ahmad will create a treatment plan that is right for you.